Solvency II Quantitative Reporting Templates (QRTs) are the primary instrument through which the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) and national competent authorities (NCAs) collect structured financial and risk data from insurance undertakings. Getting QRT reporting right — accurate, complete, and submitted on time — is fundamental to your relationship with your regulator and a prerequisite for Solvency II pillar 3 compliance.
This guide covers the filing schedule, the most important templates, the EIOPA XBRL taxonomy, national submission portals, common errors that attract regulatory attention, and automation tools available to streamline the process.
Who Must Submit QRTs?
Solvency II QRT reporting obligations apply to insurance and reinsurance undertakings within the scope of the Solvency II Directive (Directive 2009/138/EC, Article 4) — broadly, undertakings with gross written premium above €5 million or technical provisions above €25 million. Smaller undertakings (below these thresholds) fall under national "non-Solvency II" regimes which vary by member state.
At group level, insurance groups are subject to group-level QRT reporting in addition to solo reporting, with consolidated templates submitted by the group supervisor.
Filing Schedule: Quarterly vs Annual
Solvency II QRT reporting operates on two cycles:
Quarterly Reporting
Quarterly reports cover a subset of templates — principally those needed for real-time supervisory monitoring of capital adequacy and liquidity. The quarterly deadline is 5 weeks after the end of the reference quarter (i.e., 5 weeks after 31 March, 30 June, 30 September, and 31 December). For year-end (Q4), the quarterly submission is subsumed into the annual reporting cycle.
Key quarterly templates include:
- S.02.01 — Balance Sheet (Solvency II valuation)
- S.05.01 — Premiums, Claims and Expenses by line of business
- S.23.01 — Own Funds
- S.25.01 / S.25.02 / S.25.03 — Solvency Capital Requirement (depending on calculation method: standard formula, partial internal model, full internal model)
- S.28.01 / S.28.02 — Minimum Capital Requirement
Annual Reporting
Annual reports are more extensive and must be submitted 14 weeks after the financial year-end (20 weeks for the first year of application). The annual cycle includes all quarterly templates plus additional detailed templates covering technical provisions, investments, and reinsurance.
Key annual-only templates include:
- S.06.02 — List of assets (detailed individual asset data)
- S.08.01 — Open derivatives
- S.17.01 — Non-Life Technical Provisions
- S.18.01 — Projection of future cash flows (Best Estimate Life)
- S.19.01 — Non-Life insurance claims information
- S.29.01–S.29.04 — Excess of Assets over Liabilities analysis
Key QRT Templates Explained
S.02.01: Balance Sheet
The S.02.01 is the Solvency II-basis balance sheet, presenting assets and liabilities at their Solvency II "market-consistent" values rather than IFRS/local GAAP values. The template has two columns: statutory accounts values and Solvency II values, with a reconciliation column. The most common errors in S.02.01 arise from:
- Misclassifying technical provisions — ensuring Best Estimate Liabilities and Risk Margin are correctly separated.
- Including intangible assets at non-zero values (intangibles are valued at zero under Solvency II Article 12 unless they can be sold separately and valued objectively).
- Misaligning the Solvency II balance sheet with the Own Funds calculation in S.23.01.
S.17.01: Non-Life Technical Provisions
S.17.01 provides a line-of-business breakdown of non-life technical provisions, splitting Gross Best Estimate, Reinsurance Recoverables, and Net Best Estimate by the 18 Solvency II lines of business (LoB). The template must reconcile with S.02.01's technical provisions figure. Common issues include incorrect LoB mapping (particularly for specialty lines not obviously mapping to standard categories), and errors in the risk margin allocation by LoB.
S.23.01: Own Funds
S.23.01 itemises all Own Funds items by Tier (Tier 1 unrestricted, Tier 1 restricted, Tier 2, Tier 3) and reconciles to the Excess of Assets over Liabilities from the Solvency II balance sheet. Errors here have direct consequences for SCR coverage ratio reporting. Common errors include incorrectly tiering ancillary own funds items, or failing to apply the Tier limits (Tier 3 items limited to 15% of SCR; restricted Tier 1 limited to 20% of total Tier 1).
EIOPA XBRL Taxonomy
All Solvency II QRT submissions to NCAs (and EIOPA for group supervisors) must be made in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) format, using EIOPA's published taxonomy. As of the 2026 reporting cycle, the current taxonomy version is EIOPA SII Taxonomy 2.9.0 (released December 2025), which incorporated changes arising from the Solvency II Review (Omnibus II package).
Key taxonomy concepts:
- Each data point in a QRT template has a unique taxonomy reference (e.g., S.02.01.02.01, column R0010, row C0010 refers to the Solvency II value of Goodwill on the balance sheet).
- EIOPA publishes both the taxonomy files and a Data Point Model (DPM) which defines the business rules and validation checks that the instance document must pass.
- EIOPA's XBRL validation tool (part of the EIOPA Taxonomy Package) can be used to pre-validate instance documents before submission — using it is strongly recommended; NCAs routinely reject submissions that fail taxonomy validation.
National Regulator Submission Portals
EIOPA Gabriel
EIOPA's Gabriel platform is the EU-level collection system. NCAs submit consolidated data to Gabriel on behalf of their supervised undertakings. As a direct filer, you typically submit to your NCA's portal — not directly to Gabriel. However, group supervisors and NCAs may provide you with Gabriel access for direct submission of group-level data.
BaFin Meldewesen (Germany)
German insurance undertakings submit QRTs via the Meldewesen portal (meldewesen.de). BaFin requires XBRL instance documents conforming to the EIOPA taxonomy, submitted via authenticated upload. BaFin applies strict validation: submissions are automatically validated against both taxonomy rules and BaFin-specific business rules published in BaFin's Merkblatt (guidance notes). BaFin is known for imposing late submission fees (under the VAG) for repeated deadline breaches.
PRA (United Kingdom — Historical Reference)
Post-Brexit, UK insurance undertakings report under the PRA's UK Solvency II regime using the PRA's Data Collection Portal. Although the UK is no longer an EU member, many EU groups with UK subsidiaries must manage parallel EIOPA and PRA submissions — a coordination challenge for group actuarial teams.
DNB (Netherlands), ACPR (France), IVASS (Italy)
Each NCA operates its own portal with varying user interface and authentication requirements. ACPR uses the OneGate platform; DNB uses an SFTP-based submission system; IVASS uses the Solvency II Portale di segnalazione. If you operate in multiple EU member states, document the portal, authentication method, and submission format for each jurisdiction in your QRT filing calendar.
Common Errors and Regulatory Penalties
- Late submission: The most common enforcement action. NCAs have the power to impose administrative sanctions ranging from formal warnings to financial penalties. BaFin has imposed fines under §332 VAG for repeated late submissions.
- XBRL validation failures: Submissions rejected by taxonomy validation are treated as non-submissions in most jurisdictions — the deadline clock continues to run even if your file was rejected.
- Mathematical inconsistencies between templates: NCAs run automated cross-template checks. The most common cross-template error is a mismatch between the SCR in S.25.01 and the SCR used in S.23.01 for the tier limit calculations.
- Incorrect currency translation: For groups with non-euro subsidiaries, currency translation must be applied consistently and documented — NCAs compare period-on-period movements and question significant unexplained swings.
- Missing prior period comparatives: Several templates require prior period data that must be consistent with the previously submitted filing — retroactive corrections require formal restatement processes in most jurisdictions.
Automation Tools for QRT Reporting
The volume and complexity of QRT data — a mid-sized non-life insurer may need to populate several hundred data points per quarter — makes manual spreadsheet-based processes both error-prone and audit-unfriendly. Automation options include:
- Dedicated Solvency II reporting platforms (Invoke, Riskonnect, FIS Solvency II Module): Full-stack solutions integrating actuarial data with XBRL generation. High implementation cost; suited to large undertakings.
- XBRL generation tools (Altova, CoreFiling, Fujitsu Interstage XWand): XBRL tagging and instance document creation; you still provide the underlying data in structured format.
- Agency management platform integrations: For insurance intermediaries that are in scope of Solvency II (typically larger MGAs and Lloyd's coverholder groups), PrizMova Europa provides structured data exports pre-formatted for QRT population, reducing the manual data extraction burden and maintaining an audit trail of data sourcing for each template — directly addressing the documentation requirements that NCAs are increasingly requesting in supervisory reviews.
For firms navigating both Solvency II QRT and DORA ICT risk reporting simultaneously, the operational overlap in data management and systems documentation creates an opportunity for shared infrastructure — see our DORA readiness guide. For the GDPR implications of the personal data within QRT submissions (particularly in claims data reported in S.19.01), see our GDPR compliance guide.